| 7.9.1.1 ogni <=> tutti / tutte 2 |
If the fact that everyone (individually) can execute the action described by the verb or can be the goal of that action is the central statement of the sentence you can use ciascuno or ogni in Italian.
| Examples | |
| I have given an apple to each child. | |
| Ho dato una mela a ciascun bambino. | 
|
| Ho dato una mela ad ogni bambino. |
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Concerning ogni <=> / tutti - tutte things are a little bit more complicated. If we are talking about a single element and not about the group, ogni can't be substituted by tutti - tutte.
| Examples | |
| Un albero per ogni bambino che nasce. <=> One tree for each child. not: Un albero per tutti i bambini che nascono. <=> One three for all the children. |
|
| Un televisore per ogni casa. <=> One television for every house. not: Un televisore per tutte le case. <=> One television for all houses. |
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If we regard these sentences we will soon agree. It makes a big difference whether all the houses together get one television or each house gets a televison. The difference is similar to each / every in English.
Every soldier saluted as the president arrived.
Tutti i soldati salutavano il presidente quando arrivava.
The president gave each soldier a medal.
Il presidente dava una medaglia a ogni soldato.
But if the stress is more on the gender of something and not on the single elements, tutti - tutte must be used and so the title of the famuous novel of Simone de Beauvoir is:
| Examples | |
| Tutti gli uomi sono mortali. |
|
| not: Ogni uomo è mortale. | |
| All men are mortal. | |
| not: Every (or worse: each) man is mortal. |
Ogni can't be used in relationship with a noun in plural.
| Examples | |
| All parents want their children going to the university. Tutti i genitori vogliono che i propri figli vadano all' università. |
|
| not: Ogni genitori vogliono che i suoi genitori vanno all' università. |
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