| 15.3.11 prepositions tranne / fuorché / eccetto |
Tranne / fuorché and eccetto means except. Without che tranne-fuorché-eccetto are prepositions with che fuorché-eccetto che are conjunctions.
If the prepositions are combined with a pronoun the stressed pronouns are to be used: me / te / lui-lei / noi / voi / loro. (See also chapter seven.)
Lo ha fatto per me.
He did it for me.
Per te è uguale.
You do not care.
Tranne can be used only as a preposition and not as a conjunction. In the case of fuorche it is surprising that the che of the conjunction is already integrated but can be used anyway as a preposition.
| prepositions | ||
| Except me he knows nobody here. | ||
| Eccetto / fuorché / tranne me non conosce nessuno qui. |  |
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| Except his work he doesn' t care about anything. | ||
| Eccetto / fuorché / tranne il suo lavoro non gli interessa nient'altro. | |
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| He doesn' t care about anything except money. | ||
| Non si interessa di niente, ecceto / fuorché / tranne di ciò che porta soldi. | |
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We have seen already in the chapter congiuntivo, that certain conjunctions requires the subjunctive / congiuntivo. We have said that this is the case if the conjunctions expresses insecurity, irreality, intention, etc., if the they express a subjective attitude towards the world. Ecceto che / fuorché belong to this kind of conjunctions which requires a congiuntivo.
| Fuorchè, eccetto che as conjunctions |
| conjunctions | ||
| Tutto si può dire degli Americani fuorché / (eccetto che) non siano patrioti. | |
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| Everything can be said about americans except that they are not patriotic. | ||
| Tutto si può dire della Repubblica Italiana, fuorchè / (eccetto che) abbia una tradizione di brogli elettorali. | |
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| Everything can be said about the Italian Republique, except that it has a tradition of election fraud. | ||
If the conjunction is followed by an infinitive some may believe that the infinitive in this case is a noun and the conjunction a preposition. But thats not true. The substantivated infinitive has no subject, but if there is a conjunction in front of the infinitive, he has a subject.
| substantivated infinitive : without subject |
a) Nuotare è bene per la salute. <=> Swimming is good for the health.
Nuotare is the subject of the sentence, but doesn' t have a subject itself.
Infinitive as a abbreviated subordinate clause: In general the infinitive shares the subject with the verb.
b) He can do everything but swimming. => The same person who can do everything can swimm as well.
In case a) the translation to English is to be done with a gerund, in case b) with a present participle.
| conjunction | ||
| Non ha fatto niente fuorché parlare. | |
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| Except talking he didn' t do anything. | ||
This fuorchè is a conjunction and not a preposition. If fuorchè were a preposition, then parlare would be a substantivated infinitive without a subject. But in this example it is obvious that parlare has a subject. The same person who did nothing spoke a lot. Parlare has a subject and is not a substantivated infinitive.
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